Mirtillo americano (Vaccinium corymbosum) semi
- Ein Hauch Nordamerika im Garten – die aromatische Beerenkönigin mit leuchtender Herbstfärbung.
- Contenuto: circa 100 semi
- Varietà ad impollinazione aperta, capacità germinativa testata regolarmente
2,59 €
Descrizione
The North American Queen of Berries in Your Own Garden
The cultivated blueberry, also known as the American blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), is a deciduous berry shrub native to North America and is among the most popular soft fruit crops worldwide. Its development into a productive garden plant began in the early 20th century in the United States – largely thanks to the pioneering efforts of Elizabeth White and botanist Frederick V. Coville. Today, the cultivated blueberry is valued for its large, flavourful fruits, vibrant autumn foliage, and longevity. The berries are rich in vitamins and antioxidants, making them ideal for eating fresh, as well as for use in smoothies, jams or desserts.
Growing cultivated blueberries from seed produces hardy, genetically diverse plants, which are often particularly resilient and adaptable – an engaging project for patient gardeners.
Scheda della pianta
| Classificazione delle piante | Arbusto, Pianta perenne / pianta erbacea |
|---|---|
| Utilizzo | Frutto, Pianta officinale, Pianta tintoria |
| Ciclo di vita | Perenne, Persistente |
| Genere | Ericaceae |
| Regione d'origine | Nord america |
| Caratteristiche | Ha bisogno del freddo per germogliare, Ha bisogno della luce per germogliare |
| Altezza della pianta | 100-150 cm |
| Colore dei fiori | Bianco, Rosso, Verde |
| Periodo di fioritura | Aprile, Maggio |
| Raccolta principale | Agosto, Luglio, Settembre |
| Colore del frutto | Blau |
| Forma del frutto | flachrund |
| Apparato radicale | Radice profonda |
| Zone di rusticità | 6 (-23 bis -18 °C) |
Consigli di coltivazione
| Periodo di semina in pieno campo | Aprile, Maggio, Marzo |
|---|---|
| Profondità di semina | 0 cm |
| Temperatura di germinazione | 15-20°C |
| Tempo di germinazione | 1-3 mesi |
| Clima | Moderado |
| Tipo di terreno | Permeabile, Umoso |
| Luce solare | Ombra parziale |
| Fabbisogno idrico | Alto |
| Distanza di impianto | 75 cm |
Semina e cura
Sowing and Care of the Cultivated Blueberry
Sowing cultivated blueberries is best done after stratification, as the seeds are cold-germinating. For successful germination, they require a cold period of 6–8 weeks at 2–5 °C, for example in a refrigerator. After this, the seeds should be sown very shallowly (they require light to germinate, so cover only very lightly) in acidic, humus-rich, well-drained soil such as ericaceous compost with a pH of 4.0–5.5. The substrate should be kept evenly moist but not wet – ideally using soft rainwater with low lime content. Germination takes between 4 and 12 weeks, depending on temperature. Young plants should initially be grown in pots in a bright, relatively cool location, and later planted out in a sunny to partially shaded site. Cultivated blueberries will only thrive long-term in acidic soil, and benefit from a mulch layer of leaves, pine needles or composted bark. Mature shrubs typically reach a height of 1.2–2 m and develop an upright to slightly spreading habit. For higher yields, it is advisable to plant several genetically distinct specimens, as cross-pollination improves fruit set. Blueberries are nutrient-demanding but sensitive to lime, and benefit from organic, acidic fertilisers such as those formulated for rhododendrons. Plants grown from seed usually begin fruiting after 3–5 years; mature shrubs are hardy down to around –25 °C, but young plants should be protected from severe frost during their first winter.
Altri nomi
Nome botanico: Vaccinium corymbosum
Tedesco: Amerikanische Heidelbeere, Blaubeere, Schwarzbeere, Kulturheidelbeere
Inglese: Highbush Blueberry, Cultivated Blueberry
Francese: Myrtille arbustive, Myrtille en corymbe
Italiano: Mirtillo americano
Spagnolo: Arándano alto, Arándano americano
Olandese: Amerikaanse Blauwe Bes
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